{"_meta":{"note":"Residential electricity ($/kWh) from EIA Electric Power Monthly (residential), period 2026-04, via the EIA Open Data API. Gas ($/gal), state EV incentives, and registration + EV-road-use fees from AAA / AFDC / DSIRE / state-DMV research — sourced, dated, independently spot-checked (91.6% confirmed). Any value is overridable in the tool.","electricitySource":"EIA Electric Power Monthly v2 API (residential), period 2026-04","gasSource":"AAA state averages; US national bucket = AAA national average $3.847/gal (gasprices.aaa.com, 2026-06-30)","asOf":"2026-07-01","electricityPeriod":"2026-04","count":51,"stateDataSource":"EVCostIQ research fleet (AAA state gas averages, AFDC/DSIRE incentives, state DMV registration + EV road-use fees), verifier-corrected, as of 2026-06; electricity = EIA Electric Power Monthly (period 2026-04).","spotChecked":"2026-06-29 independent verifier fleet (wf_b504da9c): 91.6% confirmed; 6 corrections applied (AL/ME/MD/OK/SD/VT). 11 base-reg approximations reviewed as defensible."},"states":{"US":{"name":"United States","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1883,"gasPricePerGallon":3.847,"isUS":true,"_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"AL":{"name":"Alabama","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1741,"gasPricePerGallon":3.459,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":23,"evRoadUseFee":203,"regSource":"Alabama Dept. of Revenue, standard passenger license plate $23 + $1.25 issuance (revenue.alabama.gov/tax-types/motor-vehicle-registration-fees); ad valorem tax additional and value-based","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC/DSIRE — Alabama offers no statewide EV purchase rebate or tax credit (only utility charger programs). afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=AL"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"AK":{"name":"Alaska","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2735,"gasPricePerGallon":4.855,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":50,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"Alaska DMV / AS 28.10.421 — passenger vehicle biennial registration $100 (≈$50/yr); EVs pay the same. dmv.alaska.gov/vehicle-services/general-vehicle-registration","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC — Alaska has no statewide EV purchase incentive (only NEVI charging-infrastructure planning and private utility rebates). afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=AK"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"AZ":{"name":"Arizona","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1548,"gasPricePerGallon":4.038,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":8,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"AZ DOT — $8 base registration fee plus Vehicle License Tax (value-based, $2.80/$100 of 60% of MSRP). azdot.gov/mvd/services/vehicle-services/vehicle-registration","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"expired","source":"AFDC — Arizona's Reduced Alternative Fuel Vehicle License Tax expired for vehicles purchased on/after 12/31/2022; no current statewide EV purchase rebate. afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=AZ"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"AR":{"name":"Arkansas","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1416,"gasPricePerGallon":3.457,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":25,"evRoadUseFee":200,"regSource":"Arkansas DFA Motor Vehicle Registration Fee Schedule — passenger car $17 (≤3,000 lbs) / $25 (3,001–4,500 lbs) / $30 (4,501+ lbs); $25 typical. dfa.arkansas.gov/wp-content/uploads/mv-reg-fees.pdf","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC — Arkansas has no statewide EV purchase rebate or tax credit (only charger/utility programs). afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=AR"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"CA":{"name":"California","electricityRatePerKWh":0.3525,"gasPricePerGallon":5.455,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":74,"evRoadUseFee":100,"regSource":"California DMV — $74 base registration fee (+ $29 CHP fee, value-based VLF 0.65%, and Transportation Improvement Fee). dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-registration/registration-fees","incentive":{"name":"Clean Cars 4 All / Driving Clean Assistance Program (DCAP)","amountUsd":12000,"status":"active","source":"CARB — statewide Clean Vehicle Rebate Project (CVRP) closed 11/8/2023; flagship is now income-qualified Clean Cars 4 All/DCAP, up to ~$12,000 to replace an older vehicle. ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/clean-vehicle-rebate-project/about; cleanvehiclerebate.org"},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"CO":{"name":"Colorado","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1654,"gasPricePerGallon":3.703,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":80,"evRoadUseFee":73,"regSource":"Colorado DMV — base registration ~$75–$80 plus value-based Specific Ownership Tax. dmv.colorado.gov/taxes-and-fees","incentive":{"name":"Innovative Motor Vehicle Credit","amountUsd":750,"status":"active","source":"Colorado Dept. of Revenue — base Innovative Motor Vehicle Credit for new EVs is $750 for tax year 2026 (plus a $2,500 add-on if MSRP under $35,000, total up to $3,250). tax.colorado.gov/income-tax-topics-innovative-motor-vehicle-credit"},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"CT":{"name":"Connecticut","electricityRatePerKWh":0.3224,"gasPricePerGallon":3.954,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":40,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"CT DMV — passenger registration $120 for 3 years (≈$40/yr) plus annual Passport to the Parks and other fees. portal.ct.gov/dmv/resources/dmv-fees","incentive":{"name":"CHEAPR (CT Hydrogen and Electric Automobile Purchase Rebate) — Standard new BEV","amountUsd":1000,"status":"active","source":"CT DEEP — CHEAPR Standard rebate $1,000 for a new BEV (income-qualified Rebate+ adds up to $3,000 more); MSRP cap applies. portal.ct.gov/DEEP/Air/Mobile-Sources/CHEAPR/CHEAPR---Home"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"DE":{"name":"Delaware","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1879,"gasPricePerGallon":3.695,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":40,"evRoadUseFee":110,"regSource":"Delaware DMV — passenger vehicle registration $40/yr (up to 5,000 lbs). dmv.de.gov/Common/DMVFees","incentive":{"name":"Delaware Clean Vehicle Rebate Program — new BEV","amountUsd":2500,"status":"active","source":"DNREC — Delaware Clean Vehicle Rebate $2,500 for a new BEV (base MSRP cap; less for PHEV). dnrec.delaware.gov/climate-coastal-energy/clean-transportation/vehicle-rebates"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"DC":{"name":"District of Columbia","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2541,"gasPricePerGallon":4.165,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":70,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"https://dmv.dc.gov/book/dmv-fees/vehicle-registration-fees + https://dmv.dc.gov/release/dc-dmv-march-30-2026-fee-change-notice (DC DMV; Class I passenger vehicle ≤3,499 lbs = $70.00 effective March 30, 2026 — prior value $72 was superseded by the 2026 fee change; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"expired","source":"DC DMV/DOEE — the flagship EV excise-tax exemption was repealed (FY2025 budget); EVs now subject to weight-based excise tax. A reduced registration fee for new EVs (first 2 years) remains, but there is no cash purchase rebate. dmv.dc.gov; afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=DC"},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"corrected"},"FL":{"name":"Florida","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1538,"gasPricePerGallon":3.778,"gasSource":"AAA gas prices state averages, gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/ (price as of 6/29/26)","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":46.1,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"FLHSMV fee schedule, flhsmv.gov/fees/ — passenger license tax ~$32.50 + $13.60 service fee (weight-tiered)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Florida Laws & Incentives, afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=FL — no state-level consumer EV purchase rebate/credit (only utility rebates e.g. OUC/KUA)"},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"GA":{"name":"Georgia","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1537,"gasPricePerGallon":3.568,"gasSource":"AAA gas prices state averages, gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/ (price as of 6/29/26)","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":20,"evRoadUseFee":234.97,"regSource":"Georgia DOR, dor.georgia.gov — $20 annual passenger registration fee (TAVT is a separate one-time titling tax)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Georgia Laws & Incentives, afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=GA — former $5,000 ZEV credit repealed (Transportation Funding Act 2015); no current consumer purchase incentive"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"HI":{"name":"Hawaii","electricityRatePerKWh":0.4662,"gasPricePerGallon":5.499,"gasSource":"AAA gas prices state averages, gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/ (price as of 6/29/26)","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":46,"evRoadUseFee":50,"regSource":"Hawaii Revised Statutes ch.249; files.hawaii.gov/tax/legal/hrs/hrs_249.pdf — $46 state base reg fee; total varies by county weight tax (~$0.0175/lb)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Hawaii Laws & Incentives, afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=HI and Hawaii State Energy Office, energy.hawaii.gov/ev-laws-incentives/ — no active consumer EV purchase rebate (a statewide purchase-rebate bill remains only a tracked legislative priority); charger rebates exist but are not purchase incentives"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"ID":{"name":"Idaho","electricityRatePerKWh":0.127,"gasPricePerGallon":4.113,"gasSource":"AAA gas prices state averages, gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/ (price as of 6/29/26)","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":57,"evRoadUseFee":140,"regSource":"https://itd.idaho.gov/dmv/registrations-plates-titles/vehicle-registrations/ (Idaho ITD; age-based: $69 for 1-2yr, $57 for 3-6yr, $45 for 7+yr — $57 is the representative mid tier; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Idaho Laws & Incentives, afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=ID — no state EV purchase incentive"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"confirmed"},"IL":{"name":"Illinois","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2047,"gasPricePerGallon":4.128,"gasSource":"AAA gas prices state averages, gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/ (price as of 6/29/26)","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":151,"evRoadUseFee":100,"regSource":"Illinois Secretary of State, ilsos.gov — $151 standard passenger registration","incentive":{"name":"Illinois EPA Electric Vehicle Rebate (CEJA)","amountUsd":4000,"status":"expired","source":"Illinois EPA CEJA EV Rebate, epa.illinois.gov/topics/ceja/electric-vehicle-rebates.html — up to $4,000 new BEV ($2,000 standard / $4,000 low-income); FY2026 cycle CLOSED 5/31/2026, next window not yet announced (marked expired = not currently accepting applications)"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"IN":{"name":"Indiana","electricityRatePerKWh":0.179,"gasPricePerGallon":3.216,"gasSource":"AAA gas prices state averages, gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/ (price as of 6/29/26)","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":21.35,"evRoadUseFee":230,"regSource":"Indiana BMV Fee Chart, in.gov/bmv/files/Fee_Chart.pdf — $21.35 passenger base reg (excise tax separate)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Indiana Laws & Incentives, afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=IN — no state EV purchase incentive"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"IA":{"name":"Iowa","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1386,"gasPricePerGallon":3.484,"gasSource":"AAA gas prices state averages, gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/ (price as of 6/29/26)","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":197,"evRoadUseFee":130,"regSource":"https://www.iowataxandtags.org/vehicle-registration/registration-fees-by-vehicle-type/ (Iowa Tax & Tags; weight+value formula = $0.40/100 lb + ~1% of list price; $197 is the documented representative example for a 3,000 lb / $18,500 car; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Iowa Laws & Incentives, afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=IA — no state EV purchase incentive"},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"confirmed"},"KS":{"name":"Kansas","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1578,"gasPricePerGallon":3.523,"gasSource":"AAA gas prices state averages, gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/ (price as of 6/29/26)","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":42.25,"evRoadUseFee":165,"regSource":"Kansas Dept of Revenue Division of Vehicles — passenger base reg ~$42.25-$52.25 by weight; $42.25 typical (county property tax separate)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Kansas Laws & Incentives, afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=KS — no state EV purchase incentive"},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"KY":{"name":"Kentucky","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1502,"gasPricePerGallon":3.455,"gasSource":"AAA gas prices state averages, gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/ (price as of 6/29/26)","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":21,"evRoadUseFee":126,"regSource":"Kentucky DRIVE / KRS — $21 annual passenger registration fee (6% usage tax separate, one-time)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Kentucky Laws & Incentives, afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=KY — no state consumer EV purchase incentive (only utility/charger programs)"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"LA":{"name":"Louisiana","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1444,"gasPricePerGallon":3.464,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":20,"evRoadUseFee":110,"regSource":"Louisiana OMV (expresslane.la.gov/omv) — value-based plate fee, 0.1%/yr of assessed value, $10,000 min value => ~$20/yr minimum (typical low-end). Medium confidence: no flat base fee, value-dependent.","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Louisiana laws & incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=LA) and Edmunds LA EV incentives — no state EV purchase rebate/credit; federal 30D credit ended 9/30/2025. Only federal/utility charger incentives exist."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"ME":{"name":"Maine","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2842,"gasPricePerGallon":3.899,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":35,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"Maine BMV (maine.gov/sos/bmv/vehicles/register-a-passenger-vehicle) — $35 annual state registration fee (municipal excise tax billed separately).","incentive":{"name":"Efficiency Maine LMI new-EV rebate (income-qualified)","amountUsd":8000,"status":"active","source":"Efficiency Maine (efficiencymaine.com/electric-vehicle-incentives-for-low-and-moderate-income) via AFDC ME — up to $7,000 new EV for low-income (plus $1,000 bonus through 9/30/2026), $5,000 moderate-income; requires paired off-peak Level 2 charger; price caps apply."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"MD":{"name":"Maryland","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2207,"gasPricePerGallon":3.743,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":120.5,"evRoadUseFee":125,"regSource":"MDOT MVA fees (mva.maryland.gov/title-registration/fees-payment-options) — passenger vehicles <=3,500 lbs $241 biennial ($120.50/yr); heavier classes more.","incentive":{"name":"Maryland Excise Tax Credit for Plug-in Electric Vehicles","amountUsd":3000,"status":"waitlisted","source":"MDOT MVA (mva.maryland.gov/your-mva-guide/businesses/bulletins-businesses/excise-tax-credit-plug-electric-or-fuel-cell-vehicles-no-more-fiscal-year-2026-funding) — up to $3,000 EV excise tax credit; FY2026 funds depleted, MVA accepting applications on a waiting list pending FY2027 funding. Authorized through 6/30/2027 if funded."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"MA":{"name":"Massachusetts","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2945,"gasPricePerGallon":3.941,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":30,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"Massachusetts RMV fee schedule (mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-registry-of-motor-vehicles-fees) — passenger plate $60 for 2 years (~$30/yr).","incentive":{"name":"MOR-EV Standard rebate (new EV)","amountUsd":3500,"status":"active","source":"Mass.gov MOR-EV program (mass.gov/info-details/mor-ev-rebate-program) — $3,500 standard new-EV rebate, MSRP cap $55,000; guidelines updated 5/11/2026 (active). Income-qualified adders available."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"MI":{"name":"Michigan","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2139,"gasPricePerGallon":4.078,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":100,"evRoadUseFee":267,"regSource":"https://www.michigan.gov/sos/all-services/title-transfer-and-vehicle-registration + MCL 257.801 (Michigan SOS; ad valorem MSRP-based, ~$30-33 floor; $100 is a representative typical fee for a mid-priced passenger car; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Michigan laws & incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=MI) — no statewide consumer EV purchase rebate/credit (only utility programs)."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"confirmed"},"MN":{"name":"Minnesota","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1639,"gasPricePerGallon":3.621,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":35,"evRoadUseFee":150,"regSource":"https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/dvs/vehicle/vehicle-fees (Minnesota DPS-DVS; tax = $10 base + ~1.5% of depreciating MSRP per MN Stat. 168.013; $35 is the practical minimum/floor for older vehicles, used as representative flat figure; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"Minnesota Electric Vehicle Rebate (Dept. of Commerce)","amountUsd":2500,"status":"expired","source":"MN Dept. of Commerce (mn.gov/commerce/energy/consumer/energy-programs/ev-rebates.jsp) — $2,500 new / $600 used state rebate; all funds claimed, no longer accepting new applications."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"confirmed"},"MS":{"name":"Mississippi","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1676,"gasPricePerGallon":3.46,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":29,"evRoadUseFee":150,"regSource":"MS DOR motor-vehicle FAQ (dor.ms.gov/tagstitles/motor-vehicle-licensing-faqs) — $14 registration + $15 Road & Bridge Privilege Tax = ~$29/yr base (county ad valorem additional).","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Mississippi laws & incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=MS) — no statewide EV purchase incentive (only utility/Mississippi Power rebates)."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"MO":{"name":"Missouri","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1401,"gasPricePerGallon":3.513,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":51.25,"evRoadUseFee":159,"regSource":"Missouri DOR motor-vehicle fees (dor.mo.gov/motor-vehicle/titling-registration/fees.html) — horsepower-based; >72 taxable HP (typical car) = $51.25/yr + $6 processing.","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Missouri laws & incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=MO) — no enacted state EV purchase credit (SB1206/SB1193 $2,500 proposals did not become law)."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"MT":{"name":"Montana","electricityRatePerKWh":0.139,"gasPricePerGallon":3.948,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages), as of 6/29/2026","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":217,"evRoadUseFee":130,"regSource":"Montana MVD light-vehicle fees (mvdmt.gov/vehicle-registration/light-vehicle-registration-and-fees) — age-based: $217 (0-4 yr), $87 (5-10 yr), $28 (11+ yr); $217 = new-vehicle figure.","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Montana laws & incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=MT) — no consumer EV purchase rebate/credit."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"NE":{"name":"Nebraska","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1328,"gasPricePerGallon":3.611,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":15,"evRoadUseFee":150,"regSource":"Nebraska DMV Registration Fees (dmv.nebraska.gov/dvr/reg/registration-fees-and-taxes) + AFDC afdc.energy.gov/laws/9455 + Neb. Rev. Stat. 60-3,191: base state reg fee ~$15 plus value-based motor-vehicle tax; alternative-fuel (EV) annual fee $150, PHEV $75","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC/DOE Nebraska Laws & Incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=NE) — no state EV purchase incentive; only utility (NPPD) charger rebates exist"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"NV":{"name":"Nevada","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1429,"gasPricePerGallon":4.66,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":33,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"Nevada DMV Registration Fees (dmv.nv.gov/regfees.htm): base registration fee $33 (plus Governmental Services Tax by value); no EV-specific surcharge as of 2026","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC/DOE Nevada Laws & Incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=NV) — no statewide EV purchase tax credit/rebate; only utility (NV Energy lower-income) rebate exists"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"NH":{"name":"New Hampshire","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2724,"gasPricePerGallon":3.898,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":31,"evRoadUseFee":100,"regSource":"NH RSA 261:141-c (gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XXI/261/261-141-c.htm): BEV annual surcharge $100, PHEV $50, effective Jan 1 2026. Base registration is split state fee (weight-based, ~$31.20 for a typical car) plus a municipal permit fee by value; state portion used here as base","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC/DOE New Hampshire Laws & Incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=NH) — no state EV purchase incentive; only utility (NHEC) rebates exist"},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"NJ":{"name":"New Jersey","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2353,"gasPricePerGallon":3.869,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":59,"evRoadUseFee":270,"regSource":"NJ MVC Registration Fees (nj.gov/mvc/vehicles/regfees.htm): base passenger reg $35.50-$84 by year/weight (~$59 typical); zero-emission (EV) annual fee $250 from Jul 1 2024 rising $10/yr, = $270 for 2026","incentive":{"name":"Charge Up New Jersey","amountUsd":4000,"status":"expired","source":"Charge Up NJ (chargeup.njcleanenergy.com/available-funding) administered by NJ BPU: up to $4,000 (income-qualified) / up to $1,500 standard; FY26 funding exhausted and program CLOSED Feb 23 2026, expected to reopen with FY27 appropriation (~July). Marked expired as of mid-2026"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"NM":{"name":"New Mexico","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1515,"gasPricePerGallon":3.835,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":45,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"NM MVD (mvd.newmexico.gov/what-is-the-fee-for-registering-my-vehicle/): passenger registration $27-$62/yr by weight & model year (~$45 typical). No EV/PHEV surcharge as of 2026; SB-2 proposed $70 EV fee would only start 2027 (not yet effective)","incentive":{"name":"New Mexico Clean Car Income Tax Credit","amountUsd":3000,"status":"active","source":"NM Energy, Minerals & Natural Resources Dept (emnrd.nm.gov/ecmd/clean-car-charging-unit-tax-credit/): up to $3,000 new EV / $2,500 used EV income tax credit; qualifying purchases on/after May 15 2024 through Dec 31 2029 (active)"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"NY":{"name":"New York","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2945,"gasPricePerGallon":4.117,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":16.25,"evRoadUseFee":0,"regSource":"NY DMV Passenger Vehicle Registration Fees (dmv.ny.gov/registration/passenger-vehicle-registration-fees-use-taxes-and-supplemental-fees): weight-based; min 2-yr fee $32.50 for an EV (~$16.25/yr). No punitive EV surcharge as of 2026 (NYC adds use tax/MCTD fee separately)","incentive":{"name":"Drive Clean Rebate","amountUsd":2000,"status":"active","source":"NYSERDA Drive Clean Rebate (nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Drive-Clean-Rebate-For-Electric-Cars-Program): point-of-sale rebate $500-$2,000 by range/MSRP; replenished with additional $30M announced Apr 2026 (active)"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"NC":{"name":"North Carolina","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1625,"gasPricePerGallon":3.522,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":46.25,"evRoadUseFee":214.5,"regSource":"https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/title-registration/vehicle/Pages/fees.aspx (NCDMV; flat private passenger fee $46.25/yr, locked until July 1, 2028 per G.S. 20-87; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC/DOE North Carolina Laws & Incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=NC) — no statewide EV purchase tax credit or rebate; only utility (Duke Energy) charger programs"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"confirmed"},"ND":{"name":"North Dakota","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1235,"gasPricePerGallon":3.662,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":73,"evRoadUseFee":120,"regSource":"https://www.dot.nd.gov/sites/www/files/documents/MVD%20-%202%20Passenger%20Fee%202024.pdf (ND DOT passenger fee schedule; weight+age based; lightest class <3,200 lbs is $73 for years 1-6. Prior value $49 was the year-13+ floor; $73 is the representative figure for a current/typical light passenger car; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC/DOE North Dakota Laws & Incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/state_summary?state=ND) — no state EV purchase incentive; only utility charger rebates"},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"corrected"},"OH":{"name":"Ohio","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1949,"gasPricePerGallon":3.819,"gasSource":"AAA State Gas Price Averages (gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":31,"evRoadUseFee":200,"regSource":"https://www.bmv.ohio.gov/doc-fees.aspx (Ohio BMV; flat $31.00 base passenger registration tax, statewide, exclusive of service fee and county permissive tax; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC/DOE Ohio Laws & Incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=OH) — no statewide EV purchase tax credit/rebate; only utility (AEP Ohio) TOU rates/charger programs"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"confirmed"},"OK":{"name":"Oklahoma","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1331,"gasPricePerGallon":3.351,"gasSource":"AAA Gas Prices, State Gas Price Averages (https://gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, price as of 6/29/26","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":96,"evRoadUseFee":110,"regSource":"https://oklahoma.gov/service/all-services/auto-vehicle/fees.html (Service Oklahoma; age-based: $96 years 1-4, stepping down to $26 at 17+ yr; $96 is the first-tier/representative new-vehicle fee; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC law 5950 — OK AFV tax credit covers CNG/propane/hydrogen only, EXCLUDES EVs; EV-motor credit expired (independent spot-check 2026-06)"},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"confirmed"},"OR":{"name":"Oregon","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1578,"gasPricePerGallon":4.708,"gasSource":"AAA Gas Prices, State Gas Price Averages (https://gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, price as of 6/29/26","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":63,"evRoadUseFee":115,"regSource":"Oregon DOT/DMV Vehicle fees (https://www.oregon.gov/odot/dmv/pages/fees/vehicle.aspx); passenger registration is 2-year: $126 (0-19 mpg) / $136 (20-39 mpg). Annualized base ~$63 (half of $126); fees increased ~$42/yr effective 12/31/2025.","incentive":{"name":"Oregon Clean Vehicle Rebate Program (OCVRP) Standard Rebate","amountUsd":2500,"status":"waitlisted","source":"Oregon DEQ / evrebate.oregon.gov (https://evrebate.oregon.gov/); Standard Rebate up to $2,500 for new EV. Standard rebate SUSPENDED 9/9/2025 and Charge Ahead suspended 12/5/2025; approved applications placed on waitlist for spring-2026 payment; program expected to reopen summer 2026. Not currently accepting new applications as of mid-2026."},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"PA":{"name":"Pennsylvania","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2147,"gasPricePerGallon":4.007,"gasSource":"AAA Gas Prices, State Gas Price Averages (https://gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, price as of 6/29/26","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":48,"evRoadUseFee":250,"regSource":"https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/resources/payments-and-fees + PennDOT Form MV-70S (PennDOT; annual passenger registration is $48.00, raised from $45 under Act 89 effective April 16, 2025 — prior value $47 was stale; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"PA Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Rebate Program","amountUsd":3000,"status":"active","source":"PA DEP (https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dep/programs-and-services/grants-loans-rebates/alternative-fuel-vehicle-rebates-for-consumers); $3,000 rebate for new BEV (purchase price cap $45,000), +$1,000 low-income bonus. First-come, income-eligible, limited funding (~100 rebates remaining as of mid-2026, expected to renew later in summer 2026)."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"corrected"},"RI":{"name":"Rhode Island","electricityRatePerKWh":0.283,"gasPricePerGallon":3.804,"gasSource":"AAA Gas Prices, State Gas Price Averages (https://gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, price as of 6/29/26","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":30,"evRoadUseFee":200,"regSource":"https://dmv.ri.gov/node/1741 + RI Gen. Laws 31-6-1 (RI DMV; $30.00 annual for autos ≤4,000 lbs, effective Jan 1, 2026; biennial period = 2x; accessed 2026-06-29)","incentive":{"name":"DRIVE EV (Driving Rhode Island to Vehicle Electrification) Rebate","amountUsd":3000,"status":"active","source":"RI Office of Energy Resources, drive.ri.gov (https://drive.ri.gov/drive-ev-project/drive-ev); up to $3,000 for new BEV/FCEV (increased amounts effective 1/5/2026), up to $2,500 used BEV; DRIVE+ adds up to $1,500 for income-qualified. First-come, contingent on funding; actively accepting applications."},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04","regVerified":"confirmed"},"SC":{"name":"South Carolina","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1706,"gasPricePerGallon":3.479,"gasSource":"AAA Gas Prices, State Gas Price Averages (https://gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, price as of 6/29/26","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":20,"evRoadUseFee":60,"regSource":"SCDMV Fees (https://dmv.sc.gov/fees); standard passenger registration is $40 biennial (every 2 years), i.e. ~$20/yr.","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC South Carolina Laws and Incentives (https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=SC); South Carolina offers no state EV purchase tax credit or rebate as of mid-2026 (only utility charger rebates exist)."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"SD":{"name":"South Dakota","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1452,"gasPricePerGallon":3.721,"gasSource":"AAA Gas Prices, State Gas Price Averages (https://gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, price as of 6/29/26","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":75,"evRoadUseFee":50,"regSource":"SD Dept of Revenue, All Vehicles Title/Fees/Registration (https://dor.sd.gov/individuals/motor-vehicle/all-vehicles-title-fees-registration/); noncommercial passenger fees are weight-based, roughly $36-$144/yr; ~$75 used as a representative mid-size-car figure (MEDIUM confidence; exact fee depends on vehicle weight, full schedule in DOR non-commercial fee PDF).","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC South Dakota Laws and Incentives (https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=SD); no state EV purchase incentive, rebate, or tax credit as of mid-2026."},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"TN":{"name":"Tennessee","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1494,"gasPricePerGallon":3.38,"gasSource":"AAA Gas Prices, State Gas Price Averages (https://gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, price as of 6/29/26","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":29,"evRoadUseFee":200,"regSource":"TN Dept of Revenue / county clerk fee guidance (TN Code 55-4-111); statewide passenger vehicle registration base fee $29.00/yr (excludes county wheel taxes).","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Tennessee Laws and Incentives (https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/state_summary?state=TN); Tennessee offers no statewide EV purchase rebate or tax credit as of mid-2026."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"TX":{"name":"Texas","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1699,"gasPricePerGallon":3.298,"gasSource":"AAA Gas Prices, State Gas Price Averages (https://gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, price as of 6/29/26","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":50.75,"evRoadUseFee":200,"regSource":"TxDMV Registration Fee Chart effective 1/1/2026 (https://www.txdmv.gov/sites/default/files/body-files/FeeChart_1C.pdf); base state registration fee $50.75/yr for passenger vehicles <=6,000 lbs (excludes local county fees).","incentive":{"name":"TCEQ Light-Duty Motor Vehicle Purchase or Lease Incentive Program (LDPLIP)","amountUsd":2500,"status":"expired","source":"Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TERP/LDPLIP) (https://www.tceq.texas.gov/airquality/terp/ldplip) and AFDC (https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/11847); up to $2,500 for a new plug-in electric vehicle. Application window for current funding round ended 5:00pm CST March 6, 2026 and reported funding depleted; not accepting EV applications as of mid-2026, pending next funded round (MEDIUM confidence on status)."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"UT":{"name":"Utah","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1329,"gasPricePerGallon":3.906,"gasSource":"AAA Gas Prices, State Gas Price Averages (https://gasprices.aaa.com/state-gas-price-averages/), regular grade, price as of 6/29/26","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":44,"evRoadUseFee":143.25,"regSource":"Utah DMV Registration Taxes & Fees (https://dmv.utah.gov/register/registration-taxes-fees/) per Utah Code 41-1a-1206 effective 1/1/2026; base registration fee $44/yr for vehicles <=14,000 lbs (plus separate age-based uniform fee/property tax).","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Utah Laws and Incentives (https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=UT); no general state EV purchase tax credit/rebate as of mid-2026 (EVRAP is a narrow income-eligible vehicle-replacement program, not a general purchase incentive)."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"VT":{"name":"Vermont","electricityRatePerKWh":0.2456,"gasPricePerGallon":4.019,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":91,"evRoadUseFee":89,"regSource":"VT DMV registration fees (dmv.vermont.gov/registrations/fees) base pleasure-car reg ~$76/yr; AFDC laws/13263 confirms $89/yr EV infrastructure fee (PHEV $44.50) effective 2023, amended 2024.","incentive":{"name":"Vermont New Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) Incentive Program","amountUsd":0,"status":"expired","source":"VTrans Clean Transportation Incentives (vtrans.vermont.gov/climate/incentives) and AFDC (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=VT): state PEV incentive funding is exhausted; applications not accepted as of mid-2026. (Note: utility rebates e.g. Burlington Electric remain, but are not STATE programs.) State purchase incentive amount = $0 active."},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"VA":{"name":"Virginia","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1738,"gasPricePerGallon":3.702,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":30.75,"evRoadUseFee":131.88,"regSource":"VA DMV (dmv.virginia.gov): base passenger-car reg $30.75/yr (4-cyl, $35.75 for 5+ cyl). EV Highway Use Fee = $131.88/yr for July 1 2025-June 30 2026 (dmv.virginia.gov/vehicles/taxes-fees/highway-use; updated annually July 1).","incentive":{"name":"Virginia Electric Vehicle Rebate Program","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"Code of Virginia Title 45.2 Ch.17 Art.8 (law.lis.virginia.gov) and Virginia Energy (energy.virginia.gov): program is enacted (effective 2021, sunsets 2027) but has NEVER been funded by the General Assembly; no active state rebate as of mid-2026. Statutory max would be $2,500 (+$2,000 low-income) IF funded."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"WA":{"name":"Washington","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1436,"gasPricePerGallon":5.189,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":30,"evRoadUseFee":225,"regSource":"WA DOL (dol.wa.gov): base passenger registration $30/yr. EV surcharge = $150 reg fee (RCW 46.17.323) + $75 transportation electrification fee (RCW 46.17.324) = $225/yr total, per AFDC laws/9974, effective Oct 1 2025.","incentive":{"name":"Washington EV Instant Rebate Program","amountUsd":0,"status":"expired","source":"WA Dept. of Commerce EV Instant Rebate (commerce.wa.gov/clean-transportation/ev-instant-rebate): $45M program launched 2024, funds fully claimed/closed; no active state purchase rebate as of mid-2026 (successor pending legislature). Note: a retail sales-tax exemption on new BEVs under $45k MSRP exists but is a tax exemption, not a purchase rebate."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"WV":{"name":"West Virginia","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1606,"gasPricePerGallon":3.789,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":51.5,"evRoadUseFee":200,"regSource":"WV DMV registration fee brochure (transportation.wv.gov/dmv) and WV Code 17A-10-3C: Class A passenger base reg $51.50/yr; additional all-electric vehicle fee $200/yr (hybrid $100/yr).","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC West Virginia Laws and Incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=WV): no state-level EV purchase rebate or income-tax credit as of mid-2026 (only utility charger rebates exist, e.g. Appalachian Power)."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"WI":{"name":"Wisconsin","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1921,"gasPricePerGallon":3.651,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":85,"evRoadUseFee":175,"regSource":"WI DOT fee schedule (wisconsindot.gov) / Wis. Stat. 341.25: base passenger automobile registration $85/yr; all-electric surcharge $175/yr (hybrid/PHEV $75/yr).","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Wisconsin Laws and Incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=WI): no state-level EV purchase rebate or tax credit as of mid-2026 (Focus on Energy covers home efficiency, not EV purchase; some utilities offer charger rebates)."},"confidence":"high","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"},"WY":{"name":"Wyoming","electricityRatePerKWh":0.1468,"gasPricePerGallon":3.972,"gasSource":"AAA state gas price averages (gasprices.aaa.com), regular grade, 2026-06-29","asOf":"2026-06","baseRegFee":30,"evRoadUseFee":100,"regSource":"WY base state passenger registration $30/yr plus county fee (3% of depreciated factory value). EV decal fee: $100/yr effective July 1 2026 under HB 145 (cut from $200; PHEV new $50/yr), per WyoFile/Wyoming News and Wyoming Outdoor Council. AFDC laws/11593 still shows the prior $200 figure (not yet updated). As-of mid-2026 the $200 fee applies through June 30 2026, $100 from July 1 2026 onward; used forward-looking $100.","incentive":{"name":"none","amountUsd":0,"status":"none","source":"AFDC Wyoming Laws and Incentives (afdc.energy.gov/laws/state_summary?state=WY): no state-level EV purchase rebate or tax credit as of mid-2026 (only utility charger rebates)."},"confidence":"medium","_elecPeriod":"2026-04"}},"_license":"EVCostIQ data compilation © 2026 EVCostIQ. Sourced & dated figures for personal planning use. Bulk extraction / redistribution of the compilation is prohibited; database/compilation rights asserted (UK/EU sui generis). Attribution required.","_attribution":{"name":"EVCostIQ","url":"https://evcostiq.com","methodology":"https://evcostiq.com/methodology/"},"_canonicalUrl":"https://evcostiq.com/data/state-rates.json","_canary":{"note":"Provenance watermark (documented). Not a data figure — do not use in calculations. Identical sentinel in EVCostIQ source = proof of origin.","sentinel":"64693f4d6a4203ce","asOf":"2026-07-01"}}